Inventum Biologicum: An International Journal of Biological Research

Dynamics of Planktons and Fish Diversity

Roshni Singh — 2025-05-11

Plankton forms a vital factor of the aquatic environment and act as signs of fish variety, pollution levels and environmental disturbances. They shape an important natural fish food useful resource and play a essential role within the trophic shape of the atmosphere. Phytoplankton and zooplankton serve as bioindicators and are crucial components for the functioning of surroundings and guide a huge variety of surroundings offerings. Plankton usually had complicated interactions with ecological abiotic elements and versions in the distribution of plankton have an effect on the fish variety of the location. Maximum plankton abundance inside the wintry weather months also coincided with maximum fish range corroborating an existing superb courting among the plankton and fish.

The fish diversity and habitat are correlated with environmental variables affecting their distribution and populace dynamics. The endemic species had been observed to be declining because of habitat loss, degradation, alterations or changes. Migratory fishes were given disturbed by using the damming in river. Upstream web site had greater fish assemblage than downstream. The physico-chemical parameters of water performed vital position in numerous elements of fishes which include Juvenile levels of many fishes have been located an awful lot more in nicely oxygenated and clean water at the same time as it become being retarded by way of urbanization, over-exploitation and anthropogenic activities.

Seasonal Dynamics of Phylloplane Mycoflora in Vigna radiata from Arjuni, Mor Taluka, Gondia District, Maharashtra, India

Kailash Lokhande — 2025-05-22

The present study investigated the seasonal dynamics of phylloplane mycoflora associated with Vigna radiata (mung bean) cultivated in the Arjuni/Mor Taluka of Gondia District, Maharashtra, India, in 2022. Phylloplane fungal diversity was assessed across three distinct seasons, summer, monsoon, and winter. Thirteen fungal species were identified, with Aspergillus flavus (80%), Aspergillus niger (73.33%), and Penicillium notatum (73.33%) exhibiting the highest overall frequencies. Seasonal variation influenced both the frequency and relative abundance of fungal taxa. The monsoon season had the highest species richness (13 species) and diversity indices (Shannon-Wiener H' = 2.5142, Simpson's D = 0.9147), indicating peak fungal activity, likely due to favorable humidity and temperature conditions. In contrast, the summer exhibited the lowest species richness (10 species). The dominant fungal genera include Aspergillus, Penicillium, Curvularia, and Fusarium, each with varying levels of occurrence across seasons. This study underscores the dynamic nature of phylloplane fungal communities in response to seasonal environmental changes and provides a baseline for future ecological and pathological investigations of mung bean agroecosystems.

Study of Chromatophores of Freshwater Fishes from Gho-Manhasan Tributary of River Chenab (J&K)

Meenakshi Bandral Chib — 2025-05-14

The work focuses on the study of chromatophores in three fish speciesof Gho-Manhasan Tributary of River Chenab as these chromatophores are responsible for providing different colouration in fishes. The chromatophores of these fishes were micrographed utilizing the camera through the compound microscope's eye piece under 10X magnification. Three selected species of fishes were Aspidoparia morar, Channa punctatus and Mystus seenghala. The most abundant chromatophores were observed in the body region of C. punctatus. The least number of chromatophores were in caudal region of A. morar. A. morar showed the greatest number of chromatophores in the body region and least number of chromatophores in the caudal region. C. punctatus showed abundant chromatophores in body region followed by the fin region whereas least number of chromatophores was present in the caudal region. M. seenghala showed a greater number of chromatophores in fin region as compared to body.

Genotoxic Effects of Cobalt Chloride on Mitotic Index of Allium cepa L.

A. Channabasava — 2025-05-09

Root meristem cells are highly sensitive to genetic damage by chemicals; hence, present work is undertaken to assess the effect of different concentrations of Cobalt chloride on mitotic index of Allium cepa L. Experiments were conducted by using onion bulbs. These bulbs are planted in paper cups containing sand and soil mixture (2:1 ratio) and plants were treated with different molarity (M) of Cobalt chloride. The roots were macerated to analyze the mitotic index and chromosomal abnormalities. The mitotic index was 11.55%, 11.33% and 10.988% for the treatment with 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5M CoCl₂ respectively and it was least (9.1%) with 2.5M of CoCl₂. Maximum interphase cells (409) were observed with 2.5M, compared with the control and other treatments (0.5M: 398 cells, 1.0M: 399 cells and 1.5M 401 cells). The plants treated with 1.5M and 2.0M CoCl₂ have the highest number of metaphase cells (16) and less number of cells with anaphase observed in plant roots treated 2.5M CoCl2 (2 cells) followed by 0.5M and 2.0M CoCl₂. The total chromosomal abnormalities in the root tips treated with 2.5M CoCl₂ are 21(51.2%) was observed. Micronucleus of budding nucleus have an approximate half percentage 9 (21.9) whereas C-mitosis and chromosome stainless have the same proportion 3(7.3). It was noted that, the unequal sized 5 nuclei (12.1%), the anaphase bridge has the lowest percentage 1(2.04%) on the other hand 2.5M CoCl2 conc., has only 1(1.91) of C-mitosis and chromosome stainless. The study highlights that, the higher concentration of heavy metals have negative effect on the mitotic index of root meristematic cells.

Evaluation of Physico-Chemical Properties of Biocompost

T. Prakasam — 2025-04-16

Biocomposting, the process of decomposing organic waste through microbial activity, offers a sustainable approach to waste management while producing valuable compost for agricultural and environmental applications. This study evaluates the physico-chemical properties of biocomposts derived from different organic materials. The compost samples were analyzed for parameters such as moisture content, pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements. The results revealed significant variations in the physico-chemical composition, influenced by the type of organic material used and the composting process. The quality of the biocompost was found to be suitable for enhancing soil fertility, improving plant growth, and promoting sustainable agricultural practices. This paper provides insights into the potential applications of biocompost as an eco-friendly alternative to chemical fertilizers.