Methyl Parathion effect on ALT, AST and LDH in Freshwater fish, Heteropneustes fossilis
Keywords:
methyl parathion, Heteropneustes fossilis, marker enzymes, sub-lethal exposureAbstract
Heteropneustes fossilis, a freshwater fish, was subjected to sub-lethal doses (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mg L⁻¹) of the organophosphorus insecticide methyl parathion (MP) over periods of 15, 30, and 45 days. The activities of aspartate amino-transferase (AST) and alanine amino-transferase (ALT) increased in a concentration-dependent manner, signifying tissue damage and muscle impairment due to MP exposure. Likewise, the rise in LDH activity indicates increased lysosomal mobilization and cellular necrosis. These biochemical changes clearly show that methyl parathion has toxic effects even at sub-lethal levels, disrupting intermediary metabolism and causing significant physiological stress in the fish.
Downloads
References
Agnihotri, N P. (1999). Pesticide safety and monitoring. All India Coordinated Research Project on Pesticides Residues, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, 1999.
Anandan, P., Suresh Kumar, R., and Krishnamurthy, R, (2019). Toxicity effect of methyl parathion on protein alterations in the fish, labeo rohita 6.
Aguiar, L.H., Moraes, G., Avilez, I.M., Altran, A.E and Ferro, C.F.C., Metabolic effects of Folidol 600 on the neotropical freshwater fish, Brycon cephalus, Environ. Res., 2004; 95: 224-230
APHA-AWWA-WPCF (1975). Bioassay for aquatic organisms. Standard methods for estimation of waste water.19th edn., 1975; pp 800-869, American Public Health Association, Washington
Daniel, W.W., Biostatics: A (1987). Foundation for analysis in the health science.4thWiley.NewYork, 276-296.
Das, B. K. and Mukherjee, S. C. (2000). Sub-lethal effects of quinalphos on selected blood parameters of Labeo rohita (Ham.) fingerlings. Asian Fisheries Sci, 13: 223- 225.
Das, B. K. and Mukherjee, S. C. (1997). Variation of nucleic acid content in rohu, Labeo rohita exposed to sub-lethal concentration of Malathion. J Appl. Zool. Res., 1997; 8: 145-146.
Das, B. K. and Mukherjee, S. C. (2000). Chronic toxicity effect of quinalphos on some biochemical parameters in Labeo rohita (Ham.). Toxicol. Lett., 144: 11-18.
Das, B.K., and Mukherjee, S.C. (2003). Toxicity of cypermethrinin Labeo rohita fingerlings: biochemical, enzymatic and haematogical consequences. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C. Toxicol. Pharmacol, 134: 109-121.
Ferrari, A., Venturino. A., Ana, M. and Angeleo, P. (2004). Time course of brain cholinesterase inhibition and recovery following acute and sub-acute azinphos methyl, parathion and carbaryl exposure in the goldfish (Carassius auratus). Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf, 2004; 57: 420-425
Gupta,P.K.,Pesticideexposure-Indianscene. Toxicol,2004;198:83-90
King, J. (1965a). The dehydrogenases or oxidoreductases.Lactate dehydrogenase, In Practical Clinical Enzymology. London: Van Nostrand, D. Company Ltd, 1965a; 83-93.
King, J. (1965b) The hydrolases-acid and alkaline phosphatases. In: Practical Clinical Enzymology, (D. Van, Ed), 2003; pp 191-208.
Mohun, A. F. and Cook, I. J. (1957). Simple methods for measuring serum levels of glutamic-oxaloacetic and glutamic-pyruvic transaminases in routine laboratories. J. Clin. Pathol, 10: 394-399.
Nath, R. and Banerjee, V. (1996). Effect of pesticides methyl parathion and cypermethrin on the air breathing fish, Heteropneustes fossils (Bloch). Environ. Ecol, 14: 163-165.
Oluah, N S. (1998). Effect of sublethal Cu (II) ions on the serum transminase activity in catfish Clarias albopunctatus. J. Aquat. Sci., 13: 45-47
Oluah N. S. (1999). Plasma aspartate aminotransferase activity in the catfish, Clarias albopunctatus exposed to sub-lethal zinc and mercury. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol, 63: 343-349
Oruc, E.O. and Uner,N. (1999). Effect of 2,4-Diamin on some parameters of protein and carbohydrate metabolisms in the serum, muscle and liver of Cyprinus carpio. Environ. Pollut, 105: 267-272
Ramesh, M., Sivakumari, K., Kanagaraj, M. K. and Manavalaramanujam, K. (1993). Toxicity of dye effluent in lactate dehydrogenase activity in Labeo rohita. J. Environ. Prot., 13: 124-127
Rao, J. V. (2006). Sublethal effects of an organophosphorus insecticides (RPR-II) on biochemical paraments of tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol Pharmacol, 143: 492-498.
Reish, D. L. and Oshida, P. S. (1987). Manual of methods in Aquatic Environment Research part 10 Short Term Static. Bioasssy FAO Fishers Technical paper 247, pp 1-62, FAO.
Rome Sastry, K. V. and Sharma, K. (1981). Effect of mercuric chloride on the activities of brain enzymes in Heteropneustes fossils. Matsya, 7: 66-69.
Tripathi, G. and Verma, P. (2004). Fenvalerate-induced changes in a catfish, Clarias batrahus; metabolic enzymes, RNA and protein. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C. Toxicol. Pharmacol, 138: 75-79
Yousef, M. I., Hendy, H. A. E. L., Demerdash, F. M. E. l. and Elagamy, E. I. (2002). Dietary zinc deficiency induced-changes in the activity of enzymes and the levels of free radicals, lipids and protein electrophoretic behavior in growing rats. Toxicol, 175: 223-234.
Downloads
-
Download PDF
Abstract Views: 0, 
Download PDF: 0
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Inventum Biologicum: An International Journal of Biological Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
